Earth Sciences and Petroleum

Department Overview

The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum at Salahaddin University-Erbil, originally established as the Geology Department, has a distinguished history dating back to 1976. Initially part of the College of Science at the University of Sulaimani, the department was relocated to Erbil in 1981, becoming a key component of Salahaddin University-Erbil. Over the years, the department has undergone several structural transformations, with its current configuration established in 2021. This reorganization into the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department aimed to meet the growing demands of governmental and private sectors.

Since its inception, the department has been a pioneer in postgraduate education, offering Ph.D. and M.Sc. programs across various geological disciplines alongside a rigorous four-year Bachelor of Science program in general geology. The department's academic focus extends to promoting a deep understanding of our planet, encompassing dynamic internal and external Earth processes, natural resource exploration, natural hazard management, climate change, green energy, and the pursuit of a sustainable and healthy society. These objectives are achieved through a combination of theoretical knowledge and practical experience, delivered via seminars, laboratory work, cutting-edge computing labs, and lectures.

The curriculum is designed to equip graduates with essential skills for careers in academia, research, and professional fields related to the dynamics of Earth system processes, both in modern and historical contexts. The department also contributes significantly to strong economic development by addressing key areas such as oil exploration, mineral resources, ore deposits, and water resources, thereby supporting the building of a strong and stable country.

The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum is an interdisciplinary and applied science division housed in state-of-the-art facilities. It accommodates approximately 200 undergraduate students, 25 postgraduate students, around 60 lecturers and researchers, and 7 administrative and technical support staff. Remarkably, 90% of its research activity is classified as either "world-leading" or "internationally excellent," establishing the department as one of the leading centers for geological research in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, Iraq as a whole, and internationally.

Head of department

Name: Assist. Prof. Dr. Waleed Sulaiman Shingaly

Title: Head of Earth Sciences and Petroleum DepartmentAssist. Prof. Dr. Waleed Sulaiman Shingaly

Contact Information:

Email: [email protected]

Phone: +964 750 447 9241

Office: Head of Department

Social Links: https://academics.su.edu.krd/waleed.aswad

Welcome to the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department, As the Head of Department, I am honored to lead a dynamic team of educators, researchers, and students committed to excellence in Geosciences disciplines.

The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum, established in 1976, is a core applied science department within the College of Science at Salahaddin University-Erbil. It encompasses various geological specializations and has significantly contributed to the economic and industrial development of the Kurdistan Region and Iraq. The department has supplied skilled professionals to key sectors, including natural resources, oil, minerals, water resources, agriculture, and the environment. Additionally, it has played a role in integrating geology into the preparatory-stage curriculum of the Ministry of Education. The department has consistently produced graduates specializing in diverse geological fields, many of whom have contributed to the exploration and management of hydrocarbon, mineral, and water resources locally and internationally. It also offers master's and doctoral programs, addressing critical geoscientific challenges through advanced research. Faculty members have been instrumental in developing solutions to various geological issues in the region. Acknowledging the contributions of the department’s founders and senior faculty, I am committed, in my second term as department head, to preserving its integrity and advancing its academic and research excellence. With the collective efforts of faculty, students, and staff, I aim to strengthen the department’s standing as a leading center for geological studies within our college and Salahaddin University-Erbil.

Dr. Waleed Sulaiman Aswad Shingaly is a distinguished geologist and researcher specializing in sedimentology and mineralogy. He holds a Ph.D. in Sedimentology from Mosul University and has over two decades of academic experience. As Head of the Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum at Salahaddin University-Erbil, he has played a key role in advancing research and education within the department.

Dr. Shingaly earned his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Geological Sciences from Salahaddin University. His research interest focuses on sedimentary rocks and mineralogy, with numerous publications in esteemed journals such as the Arabian Journal of Geosciences and J. Stratigraphy and Sedimentology. He has led various geological fieldwork projects and actively participates in academic conferences. A dedicated educator, Dr. Shingaly teaches both undergraduate and graduate courses, including Theoretical Physical Geology, Rock Forming Minerals, and Mining Geology. He fosters an innovative learning environment, preparing students for careers in the global scientific community. Under his leadership, the department continues to excel as a center of geological research in the Kurdistan Region, maintaining a strong reputation for high-quality research and academic excellence.

Mission

The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum at Salahaddin University-Erbil is dedicated to delivering high-quality education, advancing innovative research, and serving the community in the fields of geology and petroleum sciences. Our mission is to cultivate skilled professionals with the knowledge and expertise to tackle challenges in natural resource management, environmental sustainability, and geoscientific advancements. We strive to foster a culture of academic excellence, critical thinking, and innovation, preparing competent graduates to match world standards and excel in diverse sectors, including geosciences related industries, research institutions, and governmental organizations, both locally and internationally.

Vision

To establish the Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum as a leading center of excellence in geosciences and petroleum studies, renowned nationally and internationally for groundbreaking research, exceptional education, and meaningful contributions to science and society. Our vision is to empower future geoscientists to pioneer sustainable natural resource exploration and management, develop innovative solutions in natural hazards and petroleum sector, and address critical environmental challenges for the betterment of humanity and the Earth planet.

Learning Outcomes

The Bachelor’s program in Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department is designed to address the diverse needs of both our students and society while maintaining academic rigor. This program equips students with the essential knowledge and skills to work as professional geologists across a broad spectrum of career paths. Graduates are prepared to pursue roles in various disciplines, including hydrogeology, petroleum geology, engineering geology, geomorphology, geophysics, mineralogy, geochemistry, structural geology, petrology, sedimentology, and many others.

Graduates from the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department will:

  1. Apply fundamental principles of geology, geophysics, and petroleum geology and their applications in natural resource exploration, and to analyze and solve real-world problems in the energy and environmental sectors.
  2. Demonstrate advanced knowledge of the Earth's structure, processes, and natural resources, including an understanding of how geological and environmental factors impact petroleum extraction and utilization.
  3. Utilize modern tools and technologies in Earth Sciences and Petroleum such as geological modeling software, seismic analysis, and reservoir simulation tools to assess and manage energy resources.
  4. Critically evaluate environmental and sustainability challenges associated with petroleum exploration and extraction, and propose effective solutions to mitigate environmental impacts.
  5. Understand and apply health, safety, and regulatory standardsin the context of petroleum exploration, extraction, and related industries to ensure the safety of workers and the public.
  6. Conduct independent and collaborative researchto address current and emerging challenges in Earth Sciences and Petroleum, using quantitative and qualitative methodologies.
  7. Interpret and present complex geological and geophysical dataclearly and effectively, both in written reports and oral presentations, to inform decision-making processes in the energy sector.
  8. Demonstrate proficiency in geological fieldwork and laboratory techniques to collect, analyze, and interpret geological and petroleum-related data.
  9. Apply knowledge of geomechanics and reservoir recognition and understand the importance of petroleum reservoirs and how they are located, studied, managed, and enhance petroleum extraction processes and optimize resource recovery.
  10. Engage in continuous learning and professional development, staying current with advancements in Earth Sciences, petroleum technologies, and environmental best practices.
  11. Communicate geological and petroleum concepts clearly in written and oral formats, including basic reports and presentations.
  12. Apply Geoinformatics, GIS (Geographic Information Systems), and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies for data collection, mapping, interpreting, and analysis geological and spatial data for Earth Sciences, environmental monitoring, and petroleum exploration.
  13. Familiarize with basic field equipment, including GPS devices, compasses, geophysical tools, and core sampling tools, for geological surveys and petroleum exploration activities.
  14. Analyze natural hazards and disaster risk management, including the assessment of flooding, landslide, earthquake, volcanic, and other geohazards, and apply principles of hazard mitigation and environmental protection in the context of Earth Sciences and petroleum activities.
  15. Understand the principles of climate change, hydrology and natural resource management, focusing on water resources, their use, and sustainable management practices for both environmental and economic stability and mitigate the impact of climate change.

    16. These outcomes focus on foundational knowledge and skills that prepare graduates for more advanced studies and practical work in the various field of Earth Sciences and Petroleum.

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Undergraduate Study

The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum offers undergraduate programs in Earth Sciences and Petroleum disciplines. These programs are designed to provide students with a comprehensive education in the physical Earth, natural resources, and environmental systems, integrating theoretical knowledge with hands-on learning experiences. Graduates are well-prepared to pursue advanced studies or embark on careers in academia, research, geoenvironmental, energy, natural resource management, and related fields.

General Earth Sciences and Petroleum Program

The Bachelor’s program in the Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum is specifically designed to meet the diverse needs of both our students and society, while upholding academic rigor. This program provides students with the foundational knowledge and practical skills necessary to become professional geologists across a wide array of career fields. Graduates are well-equipped to pursue careers in various specialized disciplines, including hydrogeology, petroleum geology, engineering geology, geomorphology, geophysics, mineralogy, geochemistry, structural geology, petrology, sedimentology, and many others.

The general program in Earth Sciences and Petroleum provides comprehensive knowledge of the fundamental principles of geological sciences, with an emphasis on the study of the Earth’s structure, dynamic processes, environment systems, and natural resources. Students explore a broad range of topics, including physical geology, mineralogy, petrology, sedimentology, structural geology, Environmental Geology, Oil Reservoir, geophysics, Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks, geochemistry, petroleum geology, hydrogeology, hydrology, Stratigraphy, Field Geology, Remote Sensing, GIS, Industrial Geology, Paleontology, and geomorphology and many others. The curriculum emphasizes the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical experience through research projects, field studies, and laboratory work. This program equips students with the essential skills required for pursuing careers in various geological fields, such as roles in the petroleum industry, environmental consulting, natural resource management, and geological research institutions.

Key features of the General Earth Sciences and Petroleum program include:
  • Core Courses in Mineralogy, Petrology, Petroleum Geology, Sedimentology, Geophysics, Structural Geology, Hydrogeology and Geochemistry.
  • Elective courses allow students to specialize in areas such as Drilling, GIS, Subsurface, Clay Minerals, and Rock Forming Minerals.
  • A Research Project in the final year, designed to develop skills in collecting data and samples, scientific investigation, data analysis, and fieldwork.
  • Summer Geology Field Training course, undertaken following the completion of the third year, is designed to provide practical experience in data collection for the conversion of topographic maps into geological maps. It also includes the construction of geological cross-sections and the preparation of a detailed report.

Program Structure

The degree program is a four-year, full-time Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) program structured according to the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS). Each academic year is divided into two semesters, with students completing 30 ECTS credits per semester.

  • Years 1 and 2 focus on foundational courses in geology, geophysics, mineralogy, petroleum geology, petrology, Mineral Exploration, Igneous & Metamorphic Rocks, Stratigraphy, Macro paleontology, Hydrology, Sedimentary Rocks, and essential skills (e.g., using geological equipment’s, collecting data and samples, creating and interpreting different maps and academic writing).

  • Years 3 and 4 encompass electives, research projects, geological field training, and specialized and advanced courses such as Oil Reservoir, Geotectonics, Ore Minerals, seismic interpretation, Engineering Geology, and Industrial Geology, customized to each program.

Career Readiness and Development

The program prioritizes ethical practices in science, research skills, and practical experience. Students obtain advantages from:

  • Fieldwork and laboratory sessions using modern geological equipment and software.
  • Opportunities for real-world experience through internships with oil companies, geological survey agencies, local government offices, and environmental consulting firms.
  • Academic advising and career services to support employment or further education.

Graduates are well-prepared for careers in the energy sector, environmental consulting, geological surveying, natural resource management, and research institutions. The Department of Earth Sciences and Petroleum is committed to academic excellence, innovation, and sustainability, ensuring graduates are equipped to address global challenges and contribute to scientific and industrial advancements.

Postgraduate Study

TThe Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department at Salahaddin University-Erbil offers rigorous postgraduate programs designed to enhance advanced knowledge, promote research innovation, and develop specialized expertise in the fields of geological and petroleum sciences.

Program Offerings

  1. Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Earth Sciences and Petroleum

    2. The M.Sc. program offers students advanced theoretical knowledge and practical research skills across a range of disciplines related to geology and petroleum sciences. The program places a strong emphasis on both coursework and research, equipping graduates for professional careers in academia, industry, or government sectors.

    Focus Areas:
    • Hydrology
    • Petroleum Geology
    • Structural Geology
    • Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology
    • Geochemistry
    • Sedimentary
    • Industrial geology

    ECTS Distribution:

    The program comprises 120 ECTS over two academic years:

    • Coursework (60 ECTS): Advanced topics in Earth sciences and petroleum tailored to the student's area of specialization.
    • Research Thesis (60 ECTS): An independent research project culminating in a thesis defense.

    Learning Outcomes:

    Graduates of the M.Sc. program will:

    1. Exhibit advanced knowledge and expertise in their specialized area of earth sciences or petroleum sciences.
    2. Design, perform, and critically analyze geological research utilizing appropriate scientific methodologies.
    3. Effectively communicate scientific findings through both written and oral formats.
    4. Apply critical thinking and problem-solving skills to address complex issues in geology and petroleum-related disciplines.
    5. Demonstrate the ability to work both independently and collaboratively in research or professional environments.
  2. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Earth Science and Petroleum

    3. The Ph.D. program is dedicated to fostering original research contributions in geological and petroleum sciences, with the objective of developing experts capable of advancing the field through innovative, impactful, and high-quality research.

    Specialization Areas:

    Students collaborate closely with faculty mentors to focus on a specific research area, such as reservoir characterization, Geophysics, Sedimentary and stratigraphy, Engineering geology, Paleontology, Structural geology, and geochemistry.

    ECTS Distribution:

    The Ph.D. program requires 180 ECTS, typically completed over three to four years:

    • Advanced Coursework (30 ECTS): Topics tailored to support the research project.
    • Research and Dissertation (150 ECTS): Original research culminating in a dissertation and defense.
    Learning Outcomes:

    Graduates of the Ph.D. program will:

    1. Conduct independent, original research that significantly contributes to the existing body of knowledge in earth sciences or petroleum sciences.
    2. Demonstrate a high level of expertise in a specialized area of geological or petroleum sciences.
    3. Publish research findings in reputable peer-reviewed scientific journals.
    4. Exhibit advanced critical thinking and problem-solving skills to address complex challenges in the field.
    5. Lead research initiatives and provide mentorship to junior researchers and graduate students.
    Admission Requirements M.Sc. Program
    • Bachelor’s degree in geology, petroleum geology, earth science, geosciences, or a closely related field.
    • Minimum academic performance as per university regulations.
    • Proficiency in English (demonstrated through tests like IELTS or TOEFL).
    • Successful performance in the entrance exam and interview.
    Ph.D. Program
    • Master’s degree in geology, petroleum geology, or a related discipline.
    • Proven research experience, preferably with publications in scientific journals.
    • Submission of a detailed research proposal aligned with the department’s expertise.
    • Proficiency in English (demonstrated through tests like IELTS or TOEFL).
    • Successful performance in the entrance exam and interview.
    Research and Facilities

    The department is equipped with state-of-the-art laboratories, advanced analytical instruments, modern computer software, and cutting-edge computational resources to facilitate postgraduate research in earth sciences, geology, and petroleum sciences. Additionally, opportunities for collaboration with national and international institutions enhance interdisciplinary research and drive innovation.

    The postgraduate programs are meticulously designed to prepare students for leadership roles in their respective fields, enabling them to contribute to advancements in geological sciences, petroleum exploration, natural resource management, and environmental sustainability.

Program Learning Outcomes

Upon the successful completion of the Earth Science and Petroleum programs, graduates of the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department will demonstrate the following learning outcomes:

  1. Comprehensive Knowledge: Demonstrate a thorough understanding of core concepts in earth sciences, including physical geology, mineralogy, petrology, sedimentology, stratigraphy, geophysics, geochemistry, structural geology, and petroleum systems. Graduates will understand the structure, composition, and dynamics of Earth's crust, as well as processes involved in natural resource exploration and extraction, environmental systems, and climate changes.
  2. Fieldwork and Technical Proficiency: Develop strong practical skills through fieldwork, geological mapping, and the use of advanced tools and technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, GPS, drilling simulations, hydrological modeling, and reservoir modeling. Graduates will be equipped to conduct hands-on geological and petroleum studies.
  3. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving: Apply critical thinking and scientific reasoning to design experiments, collect and analyze data, and interpret results. Graduates will be equipped to address Earth science-related challenges and contribute to advancing scientific knowledge through innovative discoveries.
  4. 4. Ethical and Environmental Responsibility: Uphold ethical standards and environmental stewardship in the exploration and utilization of Earth’s natural resources. Graduates will understand the importance of sustainable development, environmental impact assessments, and responsible resource management in minimizing environmental damage.
  5. Problem-Solving and Analytical Skills: Apply critical thinking, quantitative analysis, and problem-solving abilities to identify and assess geological and petroleum-related challenges. This includes interpreting geological data, modeling subsurface structures, and designing sustainable natural resource extraction strategies.
  6. Effective Communication: Communicate scientific findings and technical information effectively to diverse audiences. This includes creating technical reports, delivering presentations, and visualizing data through maps, charts, and 3D models. Graduates will be prepared to collaborate with interdisciplinary teams in academic, industrial, and government sectors.
  7. Career Readiness: Pursue successful careers in fields such as petroleum exploration, oil companies, oil refineries, mining, environmental consultancy, water resources management, and renewable energy. Graduates will be equipped to contribute to the development of energy solutions, natural resource management, oil related challenges-solving, environmental risk reduction, and infrastructure projects.
  8. Lifelong Learning and Adaptability: Engage in lifelong learning to stay current with advancements in geology, petroleum engineering, and emerging technologies. Graduates will demonstrate adaptability to new methods, software, and scientific advancements in a rapidly evolving industry.
  9. Research and Innovation: Conduct independent research and contribute to advancements in geological and petroleum sciences. Graduates will formulate hypotheses, collect and interpret geological data, and present their findings to advance academic knowledge and industry practices.

By achieving these outcomes, graduates of the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department will be well-prepared to address challenges in energy and natural resource sectors, support sustainable development, and serve as leaders in their communities.

Course catalog

The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department offers comprehensive courses that provide students with the knowledge and practical skills necessary to excel in Earth Sciences and petroleum-related fields. The courses cover a wide range of topics, from basic geology to advanced petroleum exploration techniques. Below is a detailed list of courses offered in the Earth Sciences and Petroleum programs:

Earth Sciences and Petroleum Program

First Semester
  • ScGe101 – Physical Geology (6 ECTS) Overview of Earth’s structure, minerals, rocks, and geological processes, and study of Earth's physical processes such as plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, and surface processes with practical sessions in field observation and basic lab work.
  • ScGe102 – Crystallography (6 ECTS) Introduction to crystal structures, symmetry, crystal system, and properties of minerals with practical applications.
  • ScGe103 – General Chemistry (6 ECTS) Basic principles of chemistry with a focus on chemical reactions and properties of elements.
  • ScGe104 – Mathematics (6 ECTS) Fundamental mathematical concepts and techniques applied in geological sciences.
  • ScGe105 – Kurdish studies (3 ECTS) Study of Kurdish history, language, and culture with an emphasis on regional development.
  • ScGe106 – English for Specific Purpose (3 ECTS) Development of technical English skills for academic and professional communication in geology and petroleum sciences.
Second Semester
  • ScGe201 – Historical Geology (6 ECTS) Examination of Earth's history, rock records, and major geological events through time.
  • ScGe202 – Mineralogy (6 ECTS) Study of minerals, their properties, classification, and crystallographic structures.
  • ScGe203 – Computer Skills (3 ECTS) Basic computer applications and software tools essentially used in geosciences.
  • ScGe204 – General Physics (6 ECTS) Fundamental physics concepts, including mechanics, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism, with applications in geology.
  • ScGe205 – Academic Skills (6 ECTS) Development of research, writing, and critical thinking skills for academic and scientific work.
  • ScGe206 – English for Specific Purposes (3 ECTS) Enhancement of English language skills tailored for geoscience and petroleum-related studies.
Third Semester
  • ScGe301 – Optical Mineralogy (6 ECTS, Core) Study of light interaction with minerals, including polarizing microscopy techniques.
  • ScGe302 – Sedimentary Rocks (6 ECTS, Core) Examination of sedimentary rock formation, classification, and depositional environments.
  • ScGe303 – Invertebrate Paleontology (6 ECTS, Core) Study of fossilized invertebrates, their evolution, and their importance in geological history.
  • ScGe304 – Hydrology (6 ECTS, Core) Principles of water movement, distribution, water cycle, and management in geological systems.
  • ScGe305 – Geomorphology (3 ECTS, Core) Analysis of landforms, their formation processes, Understanding Earth’s surface features, and environmental implications.
  • ScGe306 – Elective: Rock Forming Minerals or Principles of Geographic Information System (GIS) (3 ECTS) Choice between the study :
    • Rock Forming Minerals: study mineral formation and classification and shaping rocks’ composition and structure.
    • principle of GIS: involves capturing, storing, analyzing, mapping and visualizing spatial and geographic data to make informed decisions and their applications in geosciences.
Fourth Semester
  • ScGe401 – Principles of Seismic Methods (6 ECTS) Study of seismic wave propagation, data acquisition, and interpretation techniques for subsurface exploration.
  • ScGe402 – Introduction to Petroleum Geology (6 ECTS) Fundamentals of petroleum system, petroleum formation, migration, and accumulation with an emphasis on reservoir characteristics.
  • ScGe403 – Micropaleontology (6 ECTS) Study of microfossils and their applications in biostratigraphy, paleoenvironmental analysis, and hydrocarbon exploration.
  • ScGe404 – Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks (6 ECTS) Examination of igneous and metamorphic petrology, classification, and their role in Earth's crustal evolution and mineral exploration.
  • ScGe405 – Remote Sensing (3 ECTS) Principles and applications of satellite imagery and aerial photography in geological mapping and natural resource exploration natural hazards management, climate change.
  • ScGe406 – Elective: Drilling or Geostatistics (3 ECTS)
    • Drilling: Fundamentals of drilling engineering, wellbore stability, and drilling fluid mechanics.
    • Geostatistics: Statistical methods for spatial data analysis, resource estimation, and geological modeling.
Fifth Semester
  • ScGe3101 – Ductile Structural Geology (6 ECTS) Study of rock deformation processes, structural features, and their implications for tectonics and resource exploration and study of rock deformation, folds, and the methods for interpreting geological structures.
  • ScGe3102 – Geophysics (Gravity & Magnetic) (6 ECTS) Exploration of Earth's subsurface using gravity and magnetic methods for geological and petroleum applications.
  • ScGe3103 – Sedimentology (6 ECTS) Examination of sedimentary processes, depositional environments, and their role in petroleum reservoir characterization.
  • ScGe3104 – Hydrogeology (6 ECTS) Study of groundwater movement, types of aquifers, aquifer properties, and water resource management.
  • ScGe3105 – Micropaleontology (6 ECTS) Analysis of microfossils and their applications in paleoenvironmental studies and hydrocarbon exploration.
  • ScGe3106 – Elective Subjects (3 ECTS)
    • Applied GIS for Exploration: Use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for geological mapping and natural hazards and resource assessment.
    • Well Logging: Principles and techniques of well logging for subsurface formation evaluation.
  • ScGe3107 – Igneous Petrology (3 ECTS) Study of igneous rock formation, classification, and geochemical processes.
Sixth Semester
  • ScGe3201 – Brittle Structural Geology (6 ECTS) Study of brittle deformation in rocks, including faulting, fracturing, and their implications in tectonics and petroleum exploration.
  • ScGe3202 – Geophysics (Resistivity & Seismic) (6 ECTS) Exploration of Earth's subsurface using resistivity and seismic methods for hydrocarbon and mineral resource investigations.
  • ScGe3203 – Sedimentary Petrology (6 ECTS) Analysis of sedimentary rocks, their mineralogical composition, diagenesis, and significance in petroleum reservoirs.
  • ScGe3204 – Geology of Iraq (6 ECTS) Study of Iraq’s geological history, tectonic framework, stratigraphy, and natural resources.
  • ScGe3205 – Elective Subject: Drilling (3 ECTS) Introduction to drilling techniques, wellbore stability, drilling fluids, and casing design in oil and gas extraction.
  • ScGe3206 – Metamorphic Petrology (3 ECTS) Examination of metamorphic rocks, mineral transformations, and their role in crustal evolution.
Seventh Semester
  • ScGe4101 – Petroleum Geology (6 ECTS) Study of petroleum systems, including source rocks, reservoir characteristics, trapping mechanisms, and hydrocarbon exploration techniques.
  • ScGe4102 – Geochemistry (6 ECTS) Exploration of chemical processes in Earth’s crust, including element distribution, isotopic studies, and applications in petroleum and mineral exploration.
  • ScGe4103 – Ore Minerals (6 ECTS) Examination of ore-forming processes, mineral classification, and economic importance of metallic and non-metallic deposits.
  • ScGe4104 – Research Project (6 ECTS) Independent research on a selected geological topic, including data collection, analysis, and presentation of findings, submitting report.
  • ScGe4105 – Environmental Geology (6 ECTS) Study of geological hazards, natural resource management, and environmental impact assessment in relation to human activities.
  • ScGe4106 – Elective Subjects (3 ECTS)
    • Mining Geology: Exploration and extraction of mineral resources, including mining techniques and sustainability practices.
    • Resistivity Methods: Application of electrical resistivity in subsurface investigations for groundwater and mineral exploration.
  • ScGe4107 – Summer Field Training (3 ECTS) Practical fieldwork experience in geological mapping, data collection, and interpretation of geological formations.
Eighth Semester
  • ScGe4201 – Oil Reservoir (6 ECTS) Study of oil reservoir characteristics, fluid dynamics, and enhanced oil recovery techniques.
  • ScGe4202 – Geochemical Exploration (6 ECTS) Application of geochemical techniques for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration, including sampling, analysis, and interpretation.
  • ScGe4203 – Industrial Geology (6 ECTS) Examination of geological materials used in industry, including construction materials, ceramics, and natural resources.
  • ScGe4204 – Engineering Geology (6 ECTS) Study of geological factors affecting civil engineering projects, including slope stability, foundation design, and rock mechanics.
  • ScGe4205 – Geotectonics (6 ECTS) Analysis of Earth's tectonic processes, plate movements, and their impact on geological structures and resource distribution.
  • ScGe4206 – Elective Subjects (3 ECTS)
    • Clay Mineralogy: Study of clay minerals, their properties, formation, and industrial applications.
    • Subsurface Geology: Exploration of subsurface structures, stratigraphy, and reservoir characterization techniques.
  • ScGe4207 – Research Project (3 ECTS)Independent research in earth sciences and petroleum geology, involving data collection, analysis, and presentation.

This catalog ensures that students in the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department acquire both theoretical knowledge and practical skills, preparing them for successful careers in the geosciences and petroleum industries.

Admissions

The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department offers two distinct study options for prospective students, offering accessibility and flexibility to accommodate diverse individual circumstances:

 
  1. Zankoline (Government-Funded) Study
  • Description: This option grants tuition-free education to students who meet the eligibility criteria and are accepted through the general centralized admission system, commonly known as "Zancoline."
  • Eligibility:
    • Applicants must meet the academic requirements set by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
    • Selection is competitive and based on high school scores, particularly in scientific subjects such as mathematics, physics, Biology, and chemistry.
  • Benefits:
    • Exemption from tuition fees.
    • Access to full university services and facilities, including labs for geological studies, petroleum resources, computer lab and software, and fieldwork opportunities.
  1. Parallel Study (Self-Funded)
  • Description: This option enables students who do not secure a seat through the Zancoline system to pursue their studies by paying a tuition fee.
  • Tuition Fee: 2,000,000 IQD per year.
  • Eligibility:
    • Applicants (student) must meet the minimum academic requirements for admission to the Earth Sciences and Petroleum program.
    • This option offers additional opportunities for students to meet the Zancoline criteria and catch up on any necessary prerequisites.
  • Benefits:
    • Access to the same high-quality education, resources, and facilities as Zankoline students.
    • Students can pursue their academic goals without being restricted by centralized admission quotas.
    • Opportunities for hands-on experience in geological and petroleum research through lab work and field trips.
 

Admission Requirements for Both Tracks

  1. Academic Qualifications:
    • Completion of high school with a strong emphasis on scientific subjects (math, physics, biology, and chemistry).
    • A minimum GPA as determined by the Ministry of Higher Education.
  2. Application Process:
    • Apply through the centralized admission system for Zankoline.
    • Submit required documents, including high school transcripts, identification, and certificates.
  3. Language Proficiency:
    • Basic proficiency in English is required, as several courses in the Earth Sciences and Petroleum programs are taught in English.
    • Proficiency in Kurdish is beneficial for better integration into academic and social activities.

This structure ensures that prospective students can navigate their educational options in the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department while having access to critical resources and opportunities

Graduate Employability

The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department is dedicated to preparing graduates at all levels—Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctorate—with the comprehensive knowledge, skills, and experiences required to excel in diverse career paths. Graduates are equipped to pursue opportunities in academia, industry, government, and the petroleum sector, with a strong emphasis on promoting environmental sustainability, effective resource management, and technological innovation.

  1. Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Earth Sciences

    2. Graduates of the B.Sc. program possess solid foundational knowledge in geology, geophysics, GIS, and petroleum sector, along with practical skills that open doors to numerous career opportunities:

    Career Paths:
    1. Oil and Gas Industry: Exploration, drilling, reservoir management, and production of petroleum and natural gas.
    2. Environmental and Geotechnical Consulting: Providing expertise in environmental impact assessments, site investigations, and natural resource management.
    3. Mining and Mineral Resources: Identifying and managing mineral deposits for commercial and industrial use.
    4. Geological Survey and Mapping: Working with government and private agencies to map geological features and identify natural resources.
    5. Government and NGOs: Roles in environmental protection, natural disaster response, and natural resource conservation projects.
    6. Education; Teaching geology or earth sciences at secondary schools or vocational institutions.
    Skills for Employability:
    • Practical laboratory skills and fieldwork experience using modern geological tools and technologies.
    • Strong analytical and problem-solving abilities to address environmental, engineering, and natural hazards and natural resource management challenges.
    • Effective communication and teamwork skills for collaborating with professionals across various sectors.
  2. Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Earth Sciences

    3. M.Sc. graduates are highly sought after for specialized roles requiring advanced expertise in areas such as petroleum exploration, environmental geology, natural hazard impact reduction, natural resource management, and geotechnical engineering:

    Career Paths:
    1. Research Institutions: Conducting advanced research on geological processes, natural resource management, and petroleum exploration, extraction and production.
    2. Energy and Mining Sectors: Leading projects in petroleum and mineral exploration, mining operations, and geotechnical engineering.
    3. Environmental Consultancy: Providing expertise in environmental monitoring, assessment, and remediation projects.
    4. Government Agencies: Contributing to policy development, resource management, and environmental conservation initiatives.
    5. Academia: Teaching and conducting research at universities and specialized research centers.
    6. Science Communication: Working in scientific publishing, journalism, or outreach programs.
    Skills for Employability:
    • Advanced research skills in geology, geophysics, and petroleum sector.
    • Proficiency in designing and conducting geological surveys and analyzing complex data.
    • Ability to manage projects and collaborate with professionals across disciplines.
  3. Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Earth Sciences

    4. Ph.D. graduates from the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department are recognized for their leadership in research (including expertise, critical thinking, and capacity for related-earth problems management) and innovation. They are prepared to take on roles in academia, industry, and government that shape the future of natural resources, energy, sustainability, and earth sciences:

    Career Paths:
    1. Academia: Professorships, research supervision, and curriculum development in Geosciences and petroleum-related fields.
    2. Industry Leadership: Senior roles in the petroleum, energy, and mining sectors, leading innovative research and development projects.
    3. Government and Policy: Shaping policies on resource management, environmental sustainability, natural hazard risk mitigation, and energy efficiency.
    4. Research Institutions: Leading high-impact research projects in geological sciences, resource management, and environmental protection.
    5. Global Organizations: Contributing to international initiatives on climate change, resource management, and disaster preparedness (e.g., UN, World Bank).
    6. Entrepreneurship: Founding consulting firms or startups focusing on energy solutions, environmental sustainability, or geotechnical services.
    Skills for Employability:
    • Mastery of advanced geological research techniques and methodologies.
    • Ability to publish high-impact research findings in scientific journals.
    • Leadership in collaborative projects and interdisciplinary teams.
    • Strategic thinking and problem-solving for complex geological and environmental challenges at local and global level.

By providing these opportunities and skills, the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department ensures that our graduates are well-equipped to address the pressing challenges of the energy sector, environmental sustainability, natural hazards risk reduction, and natural resource management. They are ready to make meaningful contributions to the industry, government, and society at large.

Research Papers:
  • A MOHAMMED, F., Q SMAIL, S. & A KETTANAH, Y. 2013. Environmental Significance of Major and Trace Elements in the Soils of Selected Areas in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Iraqi National Journal of Earth Science, 13, 15-32.
  • Aabd,A.A; Assad,I. Sh. and Ahmed, S. M. 2022.Foraminiferal assemblage, Microfacies analysis, and depositinal environment of Tanjero Formation ( late Cretaceous) in Hujran section, Erbil city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Arabian Journalist of Geoscience DOI: 10.1007/s12517-622-09563-9
  • Abdula, R.A., Delizy, B., Al-Badrani, O., Nourmohamadi, M.S. and Ahmed, I., 2025. Stratigraphic Study of the Red Bed Series at Guska Section, Mergasur Area, Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.57-73.
  • Abdula, R.A., Nourmohamadi, M.S., Delizy, B.A. and Ahmed, I.N., 2025. Sedimentology and depositional environment of Injana Formation’s sandstone member, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Warta Geologi, 51(1), pp.1-7.
  • Abdul-Karim S.K., Ahmed A.M., Rasul A.K., 2007. Geophysical and Mineralogical study of some deposits in Shiranish area, Northeast of Zakho city in Journal of Dohuk University J. Dohuk Univ.,vol. 10, No. 2, pp 10-16.
  • Abdullah, A.H., 2016. Stratigraphy and microfacies analysis of Upper Jurassic (Naokelekan and Barsarin) formations in selected sections, Iraqi Kurdistan Region
  • Abdulrahman, A.S.,2016 mineralogy and geochemistry of Odd Basaltic Rocks Capping Burnt Hills in Injana Area, Hemrin South Mountain, Northern Iraq. Unpublished MSc thesis, Department of Petroleum and Earth Science, Collage of Science, Salaheddin University-Erbil, Iraq,117.
  • Abdulrehman, Zh.S. (2014). Impact of Wastewater Irrigation on Soils from Selected Locations in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Unpublished MSc. Thesis, Salahaddin University-Erbil.
  • Abdulrehman, Zh.S. (2024). Geochemical, Tectonic Setting and Industrial Potentiality of Govanda Limestones and Merga Siliciclastic in the Zagros Suture Zone, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Salahaddin University-Erbil.
  • Abdulrehman, Zh.S., Aqrawi A. M., Koshnaw R. I., 2023. Characterization of the Govanda Formation limestones: chemostratigraphy and tectonic setting of the last marine carbonate rocks in the Arabia–Eurasia suture zone, NW Zagros fold‑thrust belt. Carbonates and Evaporites, 38, p.72.
  • Abid, A.A., Asaad, I.S. and Pasha, S.M., 2022. Foraminiferal assemblage, microfacies analysis, and depositional environment of Tanjero Formation (Late Cretaceous) in Hujran section, Northeast Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 15(3), p.259.
  • Affan, S. T., (2022), Microfacies analysis and paleoenvironment of the Frasnian-Famennian deposits of the Orenburg Region (Estern Russian Platform), Unpublished MSc. thesis, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
  • Ahmed, H.A.K. and Jirjees, S.J., 2022. Morphometric Analysis of Taqtaq Watershed/Koysinjaq District, Iraqi-Kurdistan Region. Zanco Journal of Human Sciences, 26(2), pp.206-220.
  • Ahmed, I. N. (2010). The Impact of Tanjero Stream on the Soils, Ground Water along the Stream Course and Derbendikhan Reservoir, Sulaimani-Iraq, Msc. THESIS, \kurdistan Region, Iraq.
  • Ahmed, I. N. (2020). Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Podiform Chromitites in Zagros-Suture Zone, Kurdistan Region, NE-Iraq, PhD. Dissertation, \\kurdistan Region, Iraq.
  • Ahmed, I.N., Kettanah, Y.A. and Ismail, S.A., 2020. Genesis and tectonic setting of high-Cr podiform chromitites of the Rayat ophiolite in the Zagros Suture Zone, northeastern Iraq. Ore Geology Reviews, 123, p.103583.
  • AI Al-Juboury, MA Al-Haj, WJ Jabbar - Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2015, Facies analysis and depositional environment of the geli khana formation (Middle Triassic), Northern Iraq
  • Al Jobury AI, Al-Auqadi R.S., Shingaly WS (2024) Petrography and geochemistry of the Late Devonian Pirispiki Formation in northern Iraq: Implications for Reservoir Characteristics and reconstruction of depositional environments, Journal of African Earth Science.
  • Al Jobury AI, Morton AC, Shingaly WS, .. (2020) Stratigraphy and age revision of the Pirispiki Formation, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, Arabian Journal of Geosciences
  • Alan Koyi, Mohammed M. Zrary and Nihad Karo. 2010. Geochemistry of Metagabbros from Southern Mawat Ophiolite Complex, NE Iraq. Zanco, Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences / Salahaddin University – Hawler, Volume 22, Number 4.
  • Al-Dulaimi, A.M., Al-Haj, M.A., Asaad, I.S., Omar, N. and Zanoni, G., 2023. Depositional setting of the Shiranish Formation (Campanian-Maastrichtian) in elected sections from Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.207-225.
  • Al-Haj, M.A., Asaad, I.S., Al-Taee, N.T. and Balaky, S.M., 2024. Depositional Model of Early-Middle Turonian Deep Water Gulneri Formation, in Selected Outcrop and Subsurface Sections in Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.26-39.
  • Ali D. O., 2019. Evolution of the Cryogenian Port Askaig Formation in Scotland. unpublished Ph.D thesis, Royal Holloway University of London, London College, London, United Kingdom.
  • Ali I. Al-Joboury, Nabil Y. Al-Banna, Dana N. Barzinjy, 2012. SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE LATE DEVONIAN-MISSISSIPPIAN KAISTA AND ORA FORMATIONS, NORTH-WESTERN IRAQ.
  • Ali, D.O., 2010. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of Bekhme Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in selected sections in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Unpublished MSc thesis, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq.
  • Ali, D.O., Spencer, A.M., Fairchild, I.J., Chew, K.J., Anderton, R., Levell, B.K., Hambrey, M.J., Dove, D. and Le Heron, D.P., 2018. Indicators of relative completeness of the glacial record of the Port Askaig Formation, Garvellach Islands, Scotland. Precambrian Research, 319, pp.65-78.
  • Ali, M.S., Al-Dabagh, M.M. and Asaad, I.S., 2022, July. Determination of porosity types impressive on Butmah Formation (early Jurassic) in selected wells Northern lraq (case study). In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2443, No. 1). AIP Publishing.
  • Ali, S.A., Omer, M.F., Aqrawi, A.H., 2016. Petrography, geochemistry, and provenance of the Chalki rocks in Kurdistan region North Iraq, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Vo.9, No.8, 1-15.
  • Al-Jaleel, H.S., Tobia, F.H., Ahmed, I.N. and Al-Jaleel, B.H., 2024. Geochemical characteristics of dolomite: a case study from lower jurassic formations, imbricated zone, Iraqi Kurdistan region. Carbonates and Evaporites, 39(4), p.99.
  • Al-Juboury A.I., Omer, M.F., Al-Haj, M.A., Vincent, S.J., Howard, J.P., Nichols, G., Vautravers, B., 2024. Petrological and geochemical constraints on provenance, paleoweathering, and tectonic setting of the Cambro-Ordovician Khabour Formation, western and northern Iraq, Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 33. 296-325.
  • Almadhor, A., Basem, A., Dara, R.N., Shaban, M., Ghandour, R., Al Barakeh, Z., Abduvalieva, D., Alkhalaf, S., Bayhan, Z. and Ali, H.E., 2025. Integrated solar energy-energy storage system for an electricity-freshwater multigeneration configuration: Exergo-economic assessment with multi-objective particle swarm optimization. Journal of Energy Storage, 122, p.116750.
  • ANF Edilbi, K Kolo, NR Muhammed, SR Yasin… - Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 2019,Source rock evaluation of shale intervals of the Kurra Chine Formation, Kurdistan Region-Iraq: An organic geochemical and basin modeling approach
  • ANF Edilbi, WJ Mamaseni, MK Aswad, BG Abdullah… - Open Journal of Geology, 2021,Reservoir Characterization of the Early Cretaceous Sarmord and Garagu Formations from Atrush-1 and Mangesh-1 Wells, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
  • Anja Höhne, Birgit M Müller, Hanna Schulz, Rebwar Dara, Malte Posselt, Jörg Lewandowski, James L McCallum (2020). Fate of trace organic compounds in the hyporheic zone: Influence of microbial metabolism, Water Research 224, 119056.
  • Aqrawi, A.M., Asaad, I.S., Khudhur, H.A. and Balaky, S.M., 2023. Microfacies and depositional environment of Jeribe Formation (Middle Miocene) in the selected sections in Bekhair anticline, northwestern Kurdistan region of Iraq. Kuwait Journal of Science, 50(3), pp.359-367.
  • Aqrawi, A.M., Asaad, I.S., Khudhur, H.A. and Balaky, S.M., 2023. Microfacies and depositional environment of Jeribe Formation (Middle Miocene) in the selected sections in Bekhair anticline, northwestern Kurdistan region of Iraq. Kuwait Journal of Science, 50(3), pp.359-367.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Balaky, S.M., 2018. MICROFACIES ANALYSIS AND DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF KHURMALA FORMATION (PALEOCENE–LOWER EOCENE), IN THE ZENTA VILLAGE, AQRA DISTRICT, KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ. IRAQI BULLETIN OF GEOLOGY AND MINING, 14(2), pp.1-15.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Balaky, S.M., 2020. Petrography and diagenetic history of the Kometan Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in the Imbricated Zone, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 70, pp.195-208.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Balaky, S.M., 2021. Geotourism potential of Akre area, Duhok Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, 71, pp.99-112.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Omer, M.F., 2019. Diagenetic history and Porosity types of the Baluti Formation (Upper Triassic), Galley Derash, Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, 15(2), pp.51-70.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Omer, M.F., 2020. Facies characterization and depositional environment of Baluti Formation (Late Triassic) from selected sections in the Kurdistan region, Northern Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 13(23), p.1253.
  • Asaad, I.S. and Omer, M.F., 2024, February. Diagenetic control on porosity types of carbonate rocks of Late Triassic Baluti Formation in Northern Thrust Zone, Iraqi Kurdistan region, Northern Iraq. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1300, No. 1, p. 012027). IOP Publishing.
  • Asaad, I.S., 2014. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of Kometan Formation (Upper Turonian-Lower Campanian), in the Kometan Village-Imbricated Zone Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Unpublished Higher Diploma Dissertation, Salahaddin University-Erbil.
  • Asaad, I.S., 2022. Lithostratigraphy & microfacies analysis of Avanah Formation (Middle Eocene) in Gomaspan section northeast Erbil City, Kurdistan region, Iraq. Kuwait Journal of Science, 49(3).
  • Asaad, I.S., 2022. Microfacies analysis and depositional environment of Pila Spi Formation (Middle-Late Eocene) in the Nerwa section, Berat anticline, High Folded Zone, Kurdistan Region, northern Iraq. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, (73), pp.151-161.
  • Asaad, I.S., Ahmed, A.M. and Balaky, S.M., 2024. Lithostratigraphy and microfacies analysis of Middle-Late Eocene Pila Spi Formation in Sheikh Turab section, Kurdistan region of Iraq. Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana, 76(3).
  • Asaad, I.S., Al-Haj, M.A. and Malak, Z.A., 2022. Depositional Setting of Khurmala Formation (Paleocene-Early Eocene) in Nerwa section, Berat Anticline, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.20-39.
  • Asaad, I.S., Al‐Juboury, A.I., Bal Akkoca, D. and Jha, P., 2022. Petrography and mineralogy of rinded ferrous‐carbonate concretions in the Middle Eocene carbonate rocks: A case study from the Avanah Formation in north‐east Erbil City, northern Iraq. Geological Journal, 57(8), pp.3021-3032.
  • Asaad, I.S., Balaky, S.M., Hasan, G.F. and Aswad, M.K., 2021. Sedimentology of the Baluti Formation (late triassic) in the warte area, northeastern Iraqi kurdistan region. Geological Journal, 56(8), pp.3923-3940.
  • Asaad, I.S., Balaky, S.M., Hasan, G.F. and Aswad, M.K., 2021. Sedimentology of the Baluti Formation (late triassic) in the warte area, northeastern Iraqi kurdistan region. Geological Journal, 56(8), pp.3923-3940.
  • Asaad, I.S., Omer, M.F. and Ahmed, A.M., 2022. Porosity Evolution and Microfacies Analysis of the Khurmala Formation (Paleocene-Early Eocene) from Selected Sections in Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq Revealed by Cathodoluminescence Spectroscopy. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.79-98.
  • Asaad. I.S., 2019. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy of Baluti Formation (Late Triassic) in two Selected Sections -Iraqi Kurdistan Region. MSc.Thesis (unpublished), Science College, University of Salahaddin- Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
  • Assad, I.Sh., Omer, M.F., Ahmed, A.M., 2022, Porosity evolution and microfacies analysis of the Khurmala Formation ( Paleocene-Early Eocene) from slected sections in Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, revealed by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, Iraqi Geological Journal, 55, No.2
  • Aswad, M.K, Omer M.F., Naqshbandi, S.F., 2024, Examining the impact of cement on porosity evolution in the Upper Triassic Kurra Chine Formation of Sirwan valley, Kurdistan region, Iraq: A study integrating cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy, Kuwait Journal of Science, 51, 100107.
  • Aswad, M.K., (2017). Petrophysical properties and reservoir characterizations of the Sargelue Formation, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Unpublished MSc, Thesis, Heriot Watt University, United Kingdome
  • Aswad, M.K., (2024). Assessment of Petrophysical Properties, Reservoir Characterization and Hydrocarbon Potentiality of the kurra Chine Formation: Insights from selected Wells and outcrops in the Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, Salahaddin University- Erbil
  • Aswad, M.K., 2020. Estimation of water and hydrocarbon saturation based on wireline logs in carbonate rocks of the Sargelu formation (middle Jurassic) from the Kurdistan region, Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, 16(2), pp.95-108.
  • Aswad, M.K., Naqshabandi, S.F. and Omer, M.F., 2023. Kurra Chine Formation: Evaluation of Source Rock, Based on Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Analysis Integrated by Selected Wells and Outcrop Samples in Iraq's Kurdistan Region. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.37-50.
  • Aswad, M.K., Naqshabandi, S.F. and Omer, M.F., 2024, February. Palynofacies analysis and depositional environment of the upper Triassic Kurra Chine Formation: integrated by samples from sarta and Tawke oil fields and outcrop samples from sirwan valley in the kurdistan region, northern Iraq. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1300, No. 1, p. 012033). IOP Publishing.
  • Aswad, M.K., Omer, M.F. and Naqshabandi, S.F., 2024. Examining the impact of cement on porosity evolution in the upper Triassic Kurra Chine Formation of Sirwan Valley, Kurdistan region, Iraq: a study integrating cathodoluminescence and scanning electron microscopy. Kuwait Journal of Science, 51(1), p.100107.
  • Aswad, M.K., Omer, M.F. and Naqshabandi, S.F., 2024. Unlocking the hydrocarbon potential: Formation evaluation and petrophysical properties of the upper Triassic Kurra Chine Formation in Sarta Oil Field, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Heliyon, 10(3).
  • Aswad, M.K., Omer, M.F., Naqshbandi, S.F., 2024. Unlocking the hydrocarbon potential: Formation evaluation and petrophysical properties of the upper Triassic Kurra Chine Formation in Sarta Oil Field, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Heliyon, Vo. 10. Issue 3, e25173
  • BALAKI, H.G. (2004) Geometry and structural history of Zozik-Rola and SpiBalies –Mama Ruta structures of the Zagros fold thrust belt in NE Iraqi Kurdistan. Unpub. M.Sc. Thesis, University of Salahaddin, Iraq.103p.
  • BALAKI, H.G. (2019) Structural Evolution of the Bradost, Pirs, Berat and Maqloub-BardaRash Anticlines in the Zagros Fold Thrust Belt, Kurdistan Region, NE Iraq .PhD.Sc. Dissertation, University of Salahaddin, Iraq.193p.
  • BALAKI, H.G. AND OMAR, A. A. (2018) Clues to inferred different thrust-related fold models and thin-thick skinned tectonics within a single folded structure in Iraqi Zagros, Kurdistan region. Arabian Journal of Geosciences .11. p.1-20. DOI 10.1007/s12517-018-3605-4.
  • BALAKI, H.G. AND OMAR, A. A. (2019) Structural assessment of the Bradost and Berat structures in Imbricate and High Folded zones—Iraqi Kurdistan Zagros belt. Arabian Journal of Geosciences .12. 106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-019-4251-1.
  • Balaky, S.M., Al-Dabagh, M.M., Asaad, I.S., Tamar-Agha, M., Ali, M.S. and Radwan, A.E., 2023. Sedimentological and petrophysical heterogeneities controls on reservoir characterization of the Upper Triassic shallow marine carbonate Kurra Chine Formation, Northern Iraq: Integration of outcrop and subsurface data. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 149, p.106085.
  • Balaky, S.M., Asaad, I.S. and Al-Juboury, A.I., 2016. Facies analysis and sequence stratigraphy of Kometan Formation (Upper Cretaceous) in the imbricated zone, northeastern Iraq. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 9, pp.1-17.
  • Balaky, S.M., Hassan, G.F., Hussein, A.O., Delizy, B.A. and Asaad, I.S., 2023. Facies association and depositional environment of the sarmord formation (Valanginian-Aptian), Kurdistan Region, Northeastern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.132-147.
  • Balaky, S.M., Sh. Asaad, I., Tamar‐Agha, M.Y. and Radwan, A.E., 2025. Sedimentology of Lower Triassic (Induan Stage) Mixed Carbonate‐Siliciclastic Succession of an Epeiric Carbonate Ramp at the Northeastern Passive Margin of the Arabian Plate, Northern Iraq‐Kurdistan Region. Geological Journal.
  • Barzani, B.A., (2012). Sequence Stratigraphy of Carbonate-Clastic Cycle Deposits-Fatha Formation Mirawa Area, Iraq Kurdistan Region. Unpublished Higher Diploma , Department of Petroleum and Earth Science, Collage of Science, Salaheddin University-Erbil, Iraq,91.
  • Barzani, B.A., (2016). Microfacies, depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy of Avanah Formation from selected sections in Iraq Kurdistan Region. Unpublished MSc thesis, Department of Petroleum and Earth Science, Collage of Science, Salaheddin University-Erbil, Iraq,121.
  • Barzinjy, D.N., 2006. Sedimentology and palynology of Kaista and Ora formations in Zakho area Iraqi Kurdistan Region. MSc, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Iraq.
  • Bekhal I. A. Study of the crustal structure in the Mesopotamian Plain, East of Iraq August 2022. Institute for advance Studies in basic Sciences. Iran-Zanjan
  • Bhattacharyya, G., Ghosh, S., Jha, P., Asaad, I.S., Das, P. and Mondal, S., 2024. Petrography, mineral chemistry and FTIR spectral study of lateritic iron oxide concretions from the Damodar River basin, India. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, pp.1-10.
  • Chalabi S.N. 2004 Mineralogy and origin of chromitite in Qalander area, Iraqi Kurdistan region, Unpublished MSc thesis, Department of petroleum and Earth Sciences, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Iraq., 104p.
  • Dara, R. N., Jirjees, S., Fatah, K. K., & Javadinejad, S. (2021). Climatic Parameters Analysis of Koysinjaq Meteorological Station, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 99-109.
  • Dara, R., Hamed, M. and Kareem, S., 2024. Assessment of Groundwater in Erbil Central Basin, N Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, 20(1), pp.53-73.
  • Dara, R.N., Jirjees, S., Fatah, K.K. and Javadinejad, S., 2021. Climatic Parameters Analysis of Koysinjaq Meteorological Station, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.99-109.
  • Delizy BA, Shingaly WS, Balaki SM (2024) Dolomitization Model of the Lower Jurassic Sarki Formation Depending on Petrography and Carbon/Oxygen Isotopes, Northeastern Iraq-Kurdistan region, Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences
  • Delizy BA, Shingaly WS, Sharezwri AQ, (2025) Petrography and Diagenetic History of The Sarki Formation (Lower Jurassic) in Selected Sections from Kurdistan Region, Northeastern Iraq, Iraqi National Journal of Earth Sciences
  • Delizy BA, Shingaly WS. (2022) Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environment of Sarki Formation (Early Jurassic), Rawanduz Area, Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq, Tikrit Journal of Pure Science
  • Delizy, B.A., Nourmohammadi, M.S., Asaad, I.S. and Omar, S.A., 2024. Sedimentology of Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Chia Gara Formation in Rawanduz area, Kurdistan region-Iraq. Journal of Sedimentary Environments, pp.1-15.
  • Dilekoğlu, M.F., Abdulhaq, H.A. and Hussein, M.H., 2024. Assessment of water quality in the Great Zab River (Erbil city, Iraq) exposed to wastewater from different industries using the WQI and GIS-based Python script approaches. Water Quality Research Journal, 59(4), pp.308-326.
  • Edilbi, A.N., Mamaseni, W.J., Aswad, M.K., Abdullah, B.G., Al-Jaboury, F.K., Sherwani, G.H. and Al-Ansari, N., 2021. Reservoir Characterization of the Early Cretaceous Sarmord and Garagu Formations from Atrush-1 and Mangesh-1 Wells, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Open Journal of Geology, 11(10), pp.509-524.
  • Fairchild, I.J., Spencer, A.M., Ali, D.O., Anderson, R.P., Anderton, R., Boomer, I., Dove, D., Evans, J.D., Hambrey, M.J., Howe, J. and Sawaki, Y., 2018. Tonian-Cryogenian boundary sections of Argyll, Scotland. Precambrian Research, 319, pp.37-64.
  • Fatah, K. K. (2015). INVESTIGATION OF THE CHANGES IN LAKE DOKAN (IRAQI KURDISTAN REGION) AND ITS CATCHMENT AREA IN RELATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE USING REMOTE SENSING DATA, MSc. Thesis, Southampton, UK.
  • Fatah, K. K. (2024). Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Environmental Monitoring and Natural Hazards in Akre District, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. PhD Desertation, Salahaddin University Erbil. Erbil.
  • Fatah, K. K., Hamed, M., Saeed, M. H., & Dara, R. (2020). Evaluation groundwater quality by using GIS and water quality index techniques for wells in Bardarash area, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 87-104.
  • Fatah, K. K., Mustafa, Y. T., & Hassan, I. O. (2022). Flood susceptibility mapping using an analytic hierarchy process model based on remote sensing and GIS approaches in Akre District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Iraqi Geological Journal, 55, 121–149.
  • Fatah, K. K., Mustafa, Y. T., & Hassan, I. O. (2023). Geoinformatics-based frequency ratio, analytic hierarchy process and hybrid models for landslide susceptibility zonation in Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 1-38.
  • Fatah, K. K., Mustafa, Y. T., & Hassan, I. O. (2024). Groundwater potential mapping in arid and semi-arid regions of kurdistan region of Iraq: A geoinformatics-based machine learning approach. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 27, 101337.
  • Fatah, K. K., Mustafa, Y. T., & Hassan, I. O. (2025). Assessing the Influence of Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Groundwater Levels in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions: A Geoinformatics-Based Machine Learning Approach in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region. GeoJournal, Germany, ??,??. (Accepted)
  • Fatah, K. K., Mzuri, R. T. (2025). Geoinformatics-Based Automated Landform Classification and Analysis of Their Relationship with Landslide Susceptibility in Akre District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, Vol.? No.? (Accepted)
  • Fatah, K. K., Mzuri, R. T. (2025). Geoinformatics-Based Automated Landform Classification and Analysis of Their Relationship with Landslide Susceptibility in Akre District, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, Vol.? No.? (Accepted)
  • Fatah, K. K., Omar, A. A. (2023). Determination of Surface Roughness of the Land Texture Using Remote Sensing Data and Geo-Informatic Techniques: A Case Study in Kurdistan Region-Iraq. Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining, Vol.19, No.1.
  • Fatah, K. K., Seeyan, S., & Jirjees, S. (2020). Morphometric analysis using geo-information techniques for different watersheds in northeastern part of Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, North Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, 88-104.
  • Fatah, K.K., Hamed, M., Saeed, M.H. and Dara, R., 2020. Evaluation groundwater quality by using GIS and water quality index techniques for wells in Bardarash area, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.87-104.
  • Fatah, K.K., Seeyan, S. and Jirjees, S., 2020. Morphometric analysis using geo-information techniques for different watersheds in northeastern part of Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, North Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal, pp.88-104.
  • Fatah, Kaiwan Kareemkhan, Masoud Hamed, Mariwan Hamah Saeed, and Rebwar Dara (2020). Evaluation groundwater quality by using GIS and water quality index techniques for wells in Bardarash area, Northern Iraq. The Iraqi Geological Journal (2020): 53, 2C87-104.
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  • Surdashy, A.A.M. and Aqrawi, A.M., 2023. Evaluation of Cretaceous-Tertiary limestone for building and dimension stones in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Iraqi Geological Journal, 56(2E), pp.48–68.
  • Surdashy, A.A.M. and Aqrawi, A.M., 2023. Evaluation of limestone from Cretaceous to Tertiary age in Kurdistan Region of Iraq for heavy duty road pavement. Iraqi Geological Journal, 55(2F), pp.60--78.
  • Surdashy, A.A.M. and Aqrawi, A.M., 2024. Evaluation of Cretaceous-Tertiary limestones and clay for Portland cement in Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Iraqi Geological Journal, 57(2C), pp.184–209.
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  • SYAN, S. H. (2024) Comparative Structural Studies Among Selective Folds in Different Tectonic Folded ZonesKurdistan Region-NE Iraq. Unpublished PhD. Thesis, Salahaddin University-Erbil.
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  • Tobia F.H., & Al-Jaleel H. S., & Rasul A. k., 2020. Elemental and isotopic geochemistry of carbonate rocks from the Pila Spi Formation (Middle–Late Eocene), Kurdistan Region, Northern Iraq: implication for depositional environment. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, Springer 13:925.
  • Tobia, F. and Shangola, S., 2016. Mineralogy, geochemistry, and depositional environment of the Beduh shale (lower Triassic), Northern Thrust Zone, Iraq. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 25(4), pp.367-391.
  • Tobia, F.H. and Kafy, R.H., 2016. Provenance of heavy minerals from recent sediments of Balakyan River, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Sulaimani Journal for Pure and Applied Sciences, 18(4), pp.147-168.
  • Tobia, F.H. and Kafy, R.H., 2016. Provenance of heavy minerals of Balakyan River, Kurdistan.
  • Tobia, F.H. and Mustafa, R.K., 2022. Geochemical and Clay Mineralogical Characteristics of the Black Shale and Constrains on Diagenesis and Maturation, Chia Gara Formation, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Iraqi Geological Journal, 55 (1B), 23-37.
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Sample Description
Sample Description
Sample Description

Academic Advising

The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department is committed to supporting students throughout their academic journey by offering comprehensive advising services. Our academic advisors ensure that students receive the necessary guidance to achieve their educational and professional goals while maintaining academic excellence.

Academic Advising Services

  1. Individualized Advising Sessions: Each student is assigned an academic advisor who provides personalized guidance based on their interests, strengths, and career aspirations. Advisors assist in course selection, academic planning, and resolving educational challenges, ensuring that students stay on track for graduation.
 
  1. Course Selection and Registration Support: Advisors help students choose the most suitable courses each semester, ensuring a structured academic progression. They also provide registration assistance to help students avoid scheduling conflicts and meet prerequisite requirements essential for advanced coursework.
 
  1. Career Planning and Development: :Academic advisors offer valuable insights into career opportunities in petroleum exploration, mining, environmental geology, and geotechnical engineering. They also provide guidance on internships, postgraduate studies, and research opportunities to help students build a strong professional foundation.
 
  1. Monitoring Academic Performance: Advisors regularly assess student progress and provide support when academic challenges arise. Early intervention strategies, such as tutoring recommendations, study skill workshops, and exam preparation sessions, are available to help students stay on track.
 
  1. Workshops and Seminars:

    The department organizes regular workshops and seminars to enhance student success. Topics include:

    • Fieldwork Techniques and Geological Mapping
    • Data Analysis in Earth Sciences
    • Career Opportunities in Petroleum and Mining Industries
    • Sustainability and Environmental Impact of Resource ExtractionGuest speakers from academia, industry, and government agencies provide students with real-world insights and professional networking opportunities.
 
  1. Mentorship Programs: Senior students and alumni mentor junior students, sharing experiences and career advice to assist them in making informed academic and professional decisions. These mentorship programs help students transition smoothly from university to their chosen careers.

By providing these academic advising services, the Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department ensures that students receive the necessary support to excel academically and prepare for successful careers in geology, petroleum engineering, and environmental sciences.

Internship Opportunities

The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department is dedicated to enhancing students' professional development by offering diverse internship opportunities. These internships provide hands-on experience in real-world geological and petroleum-related environments, bridging the gap between academic learning and industry practice.

Benefits of Internships

  • Practical Skill Development: Internships enable students to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world settings, refining fieldwork, laboratory, and technical skills.
  • Career Exploration: Students gain insights into potential career paths in geology, petroleum engineering, mining, and environmental sciences, helping them make informed professional decisions.
  • Professional Networking: Internships facilitate connections with industry professionals, geologists, petroleum engineers, and potential employers.
  • Enhanced Employability: Work experience makes graduates more competitive in the job market, showcasing their readiness for professional roles.
  • Academic Credit: In some cases, internships may count toward academic credit, further enriching the learning experience.
  Types of Internship Opportunities
  1. Oil and Gas Exploration Companies: Students can gain experience in geophysical surveys, drilling operations, reservoir analysis, and well logging by interning with petroleum companies.
  2. Mining and Mineral Exploration Firms: Interns assist in resource extraction, mineral analysis, and environmental assessments within mining operations.
  3. Geotechnical and Engineering Firms: Opportunities to work on land stability assessments, construction site evaluations, and geological hazard analysis.
  4. Environmental Agencies and NGOs: Internships in environmental impact assessments, water resource management, and geological hazard mitigation.
  5. Government Geological Surveys: Students may contribute to mapping projects, seismic risk assessments, and natural resource evaluations with governmental agencies.
  6. Laboratory Research Internships: Opportunities to work in geochemistry, petrology, and sedimentology laboratories, gaining experience in rock and mineral analysis.
  7. Renewable Energy and Sustainability Organizations: Internships related to geothermal energy, carbon sequestration, and sustainable resource management.
 

How to Apply for Internships

  • Advising Support: Academic advisors assist students in identifying suitable internships based on their interests and career aspirations.
  • Department Partnerships: The Earth Sciences and Petroleum Department collaborates with leading companies and institutions to secure student placements.
  • Application Process: Students typically submit a resume, cover letter, and academic transcripts to the host institution. Some internships may require an interview or a technical skills assessment.
  • Timing: Internships are usually offered during summer breaks or as part of the final-year field training curriculum.

By participating in internships, students gain valuable industry experience, making them well-prepared for careers in geology, petroleum engineering, mining, and environmental sciences

Career Services

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[email protected]